Abstract:
All the higher education institutions in Sri Lanka have shifted to e-learning from face to face
learning with the COVID-19 by making e-learning essential for every university student. However,
the studies on e-learning during COVID-19 focused more on the overall satisfaction and issues,
rather than aerial unevenness behind them. Therefore, as a preliminary attempt, this research was
examined the spatial variation of undergraduates‟ satisfaction and issues of participation in e-
learning according to the residence. At the moment, 151 undergraduates have taken as the sample
by covering 105 Divisional Secretariat Divisions in 20 Districts; representing 32% - 45% out of the
total number of Divisional Secretariat Divisions in each district (hope to be completed all 25
Districts in further studies) and the findings & conclusions were made based on the sample.
Geostatistical analysis: Inverse Distance Weighted Interpolation used as the main analysis technique
to generate findings with the support of ArcGIS. The findings indicated that a minimum of 25% to a
maximum of 86% of the undergraduates in different districts was believed that e-learning was
successful. A higher percentage of undergraduates in Kandy, Colombo, and Galle were satisfied
with the new learning method when respondents in Anuradhapura, Gampaha, Kegalle, Jaffna &
Matale were moderately satisfied. But, a significant number of students in Monaragala, &
Trincomalee were dissatisfied with the system and believed that it was unsuccessful. This reveals
the students who live in major provincial capitals, and recently developed regions believed that e-
learning was successful than the students in under-developed regions. Furthermore, respondents of
18 districts suffered from stuck/freezing rather than other difficulties in issues of participation.
Except for the students in Colombo, Kalutara, & Galle, more than 70% of all other districts faced
problems related to weak network strength due to uneven coverage network & geographical
obstacles. Subsequently, the issue of data cost wounded respondents in 18 districts; mostly
Monaragala, & Badulla, except for Colombo & Puttalam. Therefore, by indicating these spatial
variations, the study suggests that the implementation of solutions and decisions on e-learning have
to be flexible with both national and regional scales to provide a better virtual learning experience
to the undergraduates.
Keywords: E-learning; COVID-19; Undergraduates; Spatial Behaviour
